As a further development of the Italian Aeritalia G.222, the C-27J has the engines and avionics systems of the larger Lockheed C-130J Hercules. Due to its smaller size and twin-engine design, the C-27J is also known as the “Baby Herc”.

In 1995, Alenia and Lockheed Martin began talks on the further development of the G.222. They wanted to use the existing cockpit of the C-130J, which has MFDs and a head-up display and is therefore also referred to as a “glass cockpit”. They also wanted to use a more powerful version of the T64G engines in conjunction with four-bladed propellers.

The C-27J Spartan is the medium tactical transport aircraft of Italian design and construction in service with the Italian Air Force. Equipped with AE2100 engines and numerous systems from the C-130J, the C-27J is extremely versatile and flexible and can effectively perform tactical transport missions even when operating from semi-prepared or unpaved runways.

This aircraft is capable of carrying out air transport missions for material and paratroopers as well as medical missions. Its configuration for use by the Italian Air Force is detailed and comprehensive and includes an advanced data projection system with digital maps and a dual head-up display (HUD), an on-board refuelling system, and a Defensive Aids Sub System (DASS) for self-protection.

One aircraft was converted to the YEC-27J JEDI configuration for electronic warfare.